tsakos references
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@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ imaginative reading of the available material.
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@ -518,249 +518,249 @@ Warsaw: Centre Professeur Kazimierz Michalowski d\'Archéologie
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|
||||
Persona*, edited by Ingvild Sælid Gilhus, Alexandros
|
||||
Tsakos and Marta Camilla[Wright, pp. 79-94.
|
||||
London-New York-Oxford-New Delhi-Sydney: Bloomsbury Academics 2019.
|
||||
|
||||
[Żurawski, Bogdan. "Strongholds on the Middle Nile: Nubian
|
||||
Fortifications of the Middle Ages", In *The Power of Walls -- The
|
||||
Żurawski, Bogdan. "Strongholds on the Middle Nile: Nubian
|
||||
Fortifications of the Middle Ages." In *The Power of Walls -- The
|
||||
Fortifications of Ancient Northeastern Africa: Proceedings of the
|
||||
International Workshop Held at the University of Cologne 4^th^-7^th^
|
||||
August 2011*, edited by Friedrike [Jesse and Carola
|
||||
[Vogel, pp. 113-43. Cologne: Heinrich Barth Institut 2013.
|
||||
International Workshop Held at the University of Cologne 4th-7th
|
||||
August 2011*, edited by Friedrike Jesse and Carola
|
||||
Vogel, pp. 113-43. Cologne: Heinrich Barth Institut 2013.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: The author would like to thank Adam [Łajtar and
|
||||
[^1]: The author would like to thank Adam Łajtar and
|
||||
Vincent W.J. van Gerven Oei for their reviews of this study.
|
||||
|
||||
[^2]: For a general presentation, see [Welsby, *The
|
||||
[^2]: For a general presentation, see Welsby, *The
|
||||
Medieval Kingdoms of Nubia*, pp. 78-82.
|
||||
|
||||
[^3]: Edwards, "The *Christianisation* of *Nubia*: some
|
||||
|
|
@ -772,131 +772,131 @@ August 2011*, edited by Friedrike [Jesse and Carola
|
|||
[^5]: Hafsaas-Tsakos, "Edges of bronze and expressions of masculinity:
|
||||
The emergence of a warrior class at Kerma in Sudan".
|
||||
|
||||
[^6]: [Welsby, *The Kingdom of Kush*, pp. 39-50.
|
||||
[^6]: Welsby, *The Kingdom of Kush*, pp. 39-50.
|
||||
|
||||
[^7]: [Francigny, *Les coutumes funéraires dans le royaume
|
||||
[^7]: Francigny, *Les coutumes funéraires dans le royaume
|
||||
de Méroé*.
|
||||
|
||||
[^8]: [Lenoble, *El-Hobagi*.
|
||||
[^8]: Lenoble, *El-Hobagi*.
|
||||
|
||||
[^9]: [Crawford, *Castles and Churches in the Middle Nile
|
||||
[^9]: Crawford, *Castles and Churches in the Middle Nile
|
||||
Region.*
|
||||
|
||||
[^10]: [Drzewiecki, *Mighty Kingdoms and their Forts.*
|
||||
[^10]: Drzewiecki, *Mighty Kingdoms and their Forts.*
|
||||
|
||||
[^11]: [Vantini, *Oriental Sources Concerning Nubia*;
|
||||
[Seignobos, *L'Égypte et la Nubie à l'époque
|
||||
[^11]: Vantini, *Oriental Sources Concerning Nubia*;
|
||||
Seignobos, *L'Égypte et la Nubie à l'époque
|
||||
médiévale.*
|
||||
|
||||
[^12]: [Edwards, "Slavery and Slaving in the Medieval and
|
||||
[^12]: Edwards, "Slavery and Slaving in the Medieval and
|
||||
Post-Medieval Kingdoms of the Middle Nile".
|
||||
|
||||
[^13]: All the Old Nubian words assembled in this study can be found in
|
||||
[Browne, Old Nubian Dictionary (hence OND).
|
||||
Browne, Old Nubian Dictionary (hence OND).
|
||||
|
||||
[^14]: [Frend, "The Cult of Military Saints in Christian
|
||||
[^14]: Frend, "The Cult of Military Saints in Christian
|
||||
Nubia".
|
||||
|
||||
[^15]: For the correction of the date from 1156, see
|
||||
[Ruffini, *Medieval Nubia: A Social and Economic
|
||||
Ruffini, *Medieval Nubia: A Social and Economic
|
||||
History*, pp. 265-70.
|
||||
|
||||
[^16]: The same church may be the object of two more documents, i.e.
|
||||
P.QI 3 40 & P.QI 3 53.
|
||||
|
||||
[^17]: Here a corrigendum to P.Attiri 1.ii.1 from \[ⲁⲛ\] to \[ⲇⲓ\]
|
||||
should be noted, see [Van Gerven Oei e.a., *The Old
|
||||
should be noted, see Van Gerven Oei e.a., *The Old
|
||||
Nubian Texts from Attiri*, p. 39.
|
||||
|
||||
[^18]: [Khalil, *Wörterbuch der nubischen Sprache*, p. 41.
|
||||
[^18]: Khalil, *Wörterbuch der nubischen Sprache*, p. 41.
|
||||
|
||||
[^19]: The word ⲇⲓⳟⲧ̄ for "wrestling" is totally reconstructed in OND and
|
||||
is not considered in the present discussion.
|
||||
|
||||
[^20]: [Łajtar, *A Late Christian Pilgrimage Centre in
|
||||
[^20]: Łajtar, *A Late Christian Pilgrimage Centre in
|
||||
Nubia. The Evidence of Wall Inscriptions in the Upper Church at
|
||||
Banganarti*, pp. 383-385 (inscription nr. 578). The citation is from
|
||||
p. 384.
|
||||
|
||||
[^21]: Idem, p. 562-3 and inscription 964.
|
||||
|
||||
[^22]: [Tsakos, "Miscellanea Epigraphica Nubica III:
|
||||
[^22]: Tsakos, "Miscellanea Epigraphica Nubica III:
|
||||
Epimachos of Attiri: a Warrior Saint of Late Christian Nubia", pp.
|
||||
215-7.
|
||||
|
||||
[^23]: [Esbroeck, "Epimachus of Pelusium, Saint", *Coptic
|
||||
[^23]: Esbroeck, "Epimachus of Pelusium, Saint", *Coptic
|
||||
Encyclopedia*, pp. 965b-967a.
|
||||
|
||||
[^24]: [Van der Vliet, *I. Khartoum Copt.*, pp. 83-4 (nr.
|
||||
[^24]: Van der Vliet, *I. Khartoum Copt.*, pp. 83-4 (nr.
|
||||
24).
|
||||
|
||||
[^25]: [Browne, "An Old Nubian Version of the Martyrdom of
|
||||
[^25]: Browne, "An Old Nubian Version of the Martyrdom of
|
||||
Saint Epimachus" and "An Old Nubian translation of the Martyrdom of
|
||||
Saint Epimachus".
|
||||
|
||||
[^26]: See [Tsakos, "Miscellanea Epigraphica Nubica III:
|
||||
[^26]: See Tsakos, "Miscellanea Epigraphica Nubica III:
|
||||
Epimachos of Attiri: a Warrior Saint of Late Christian Nubia", p.
|
||||
213 with an image of the plaque and pp. 220-1 for the other
|
||||
representations with references
|
||||
|
||||
[^27]: [Frend, "The Cult of Military Saints in Christian
|
||||
[^27]: Frend, "The Cult of Military Saints in Christian
|
||||
Nubia", pp. 156-8.
|
||||
|
||||
[^28]: For the reference, see Idem, p. 157 and note 9.
|
||||
|
||||
[^29]: [Piankoff, "Peintures au monastère de Saint
|
||||
[^29]: Piankoff, "Peintures au monastère de Saint
|
||||
Antoine", p. 160 and ill. IV.
|
||||
|
||||
[^30]: [Esbroeck, "Mercurius of Caesarea, Saint", pp.
|
||||
[^30]: Esbroeck, "Mercurius of Caesarea, Saint", pp.
|
||||
1593b-1594a.
|
||||
|
||||
[^31]: See [Frend, "The Cult of Military Saints in
|
||||
[^31]: See Frend, "The Cult of Military Saints in
|
||||
Christian Nubia", p. 157 for references.
|
||||
|
||||
[^32]: [Vantini, *Oriental Sources Concerning Nubia*, p.
|
||||
40; [Seignobos, *L'Égypte et la Nubie à l'époque
|
||||
[^32]: Vantini, *Oriental Sources Concerning Nubia*, p.
|
||||
40; Seignobos, *L'Égypte et la Nubie à l'époque
|
||||
médiévale*, p. 96.
|
||||
|
||||
[^33]: [Tsakos, "The Christianization of Nubia".
|
||||
[^33]: Tsakos, "The Christianization of Nubia".
|
||||
|
||||
[^34]: For the find from Qasr Ibrim, see [Frend, "Fragments
|
||||
[^34]: For the find from Qasr Ibrim, see Frend, "Fragments
|
||||
of a version of the Acta S. Georgii from Q\'asr Ibrim". For the find
|
||||
from Kulubnarti, see [Browne, *The Old Nubian Martyrdom
|
||||
from Kulubnarti, see Browne, *The Old Nubian Martyrdom
|
||||
of Saint George*.
|
||||
|
||||
[^35]: [Browne, ibid., p. 1-3.
|
||||
[^35]: Browne, ibid., p. 1-3.
|
||||
|
||||
[^36]: For the general characteristics of Greek in Late Christian Nubia,
|
||||
see [Łajtar, *A Late Christian Pilgrimage Centre in
|
||||
see Łajtar, *A Late Christian Pilgrimage Centre in
|
||||
Nubia. The Evidence of Wall Inscriptions in the Upper Church at
|
||||
Banganarti*, pp. 20-30.
|
||||
|
||||
[^37]: [Frend, "Fragments of a version of the Acta S.
|
||||
[^37]: Frend, "Fragments of a version of the Acta S.
|
||||
Georgii from Q\'asr Ibrim", pp. 103-4.
|
||||
|
||||
[^38]: Idem., p. 94.
|
||||
|
||||
[^39]: See [Derda and [Łajtar, "Greek and
|
||||
[^39]: See Derda and Łajtar, "Greek and
|
||||
Latin papyri from the Egypt Exploration Society excavations at Qasr
|
||||
Ibrim: A testimony to the Roman army in Upper Egypt and Lower Nubia
|
||||
in the first years of Augustus", p. 185; [Derda and
|
||||
[Łajtar, "The Roman Occupation of Qasr Ibrim as
|
||||
in the first years of Augustus", p. 185; Derda and
|
||||
Łajtar, "The Roman Occupation of Qasr Ibrim as
|
||||
Reflected in the Greek Papyri from the Site", pp. 105-6 and notes 1
|
||||
and 2 for references.
|
||||
|
||||
[^40]: [Drzewiecki, "Roman Type Forts in the Middle Nile
|
||||
[^40]: Drzewiecki, "Roman Type Forts in the Middle Nile
|
||||
Valley. Late Antique Fortlets between Patterns of Roman Military
|
||||
Architecture and Local Tradition".
|
||||
|
||||
[^41]: [Browne, *The Old Nubian Martyrdom of Saint George*,
|
||||
[^41]: Browne, *The Old Nubian Martyrdom of Saint George*,
|
||||
p. 11.
|
||||
|
||||
[^42]: For the phenomenon of "incorporation", see [Van Gerven
|
||||
[^42]: For the phenomenon of "incorporation", see Van Gerven
|
||||
Oei, *A Reference Grammar of Old Nubian*, §15.1.3.4.
|
||||
|
||||
[^43]: This passage has been interpreted as a later interpolation by the
|
||||
copyist of the original work in Old Nubian, see [Van Gerven
|
||||
Oei and [Tsakos, "Apostolic Memoirs in Old
|
||||
copyist of the original work in Old Nubian, see Van Gerven
|
||||
Oei and Tsakos, "Apostolic Memoirs in Old
|
||||
Nubian".
|
||||
|
||||
[^44]: It should be noted that two more terms may be linked with ⲅⲟⲩⲉⲓ
|
||||
|
|
@ -908,43 +908,43 @@ August 2011*, edited by Friedrike [Jesse and Carola
|
|||
interpreted as a military title; and the second is ⲅⲟⲩⲁⲇ, about
|
||||
which there is even less certainty.
|
||||
|
||||
[^45]: [Foulon, "Hypaspistes, peltastes, chrysaspides,
|
||||
[^45]: Foulon, "Hypaspistes, peltastes, chrysaspides,
|
||||
argyraspides, chalcaspides".
|
||||
|
||||
[^46]: [Maspero, *Organisation militaire de l'Égypte
|
||||
[^46]: Maspero, *Organisation militaire de l'Égypte
|
||||
byzantine*, pp. 66-68.
|
||||
|
||||
[^47]: For an up-to-date discussion of the issue, see
|
||||
[Simmons, *Nubia, Ethiopia, and the Crusading World,
|
||||
Simmons, *Nubia, Ethiopia, and the Crusading World,
|
||||
1095-1402*.
|
||||
|
||||
[^48]: [Ostrogorsky, "Observations on the Aristocracy in
|
||||
[^48]: Ostrogorsky, "Observations on the Aristocracy in
|
||||
Byzantium", pp. 13-14
|
||||
|
||||
[^49]: [Koukounas, *Georgios Phrantzes, Chronicon*.
|
||||
[^49]: Koukounas, *Georgios Phrantzes, Chronicon*.
|
||||
|
||||
[^50]: [Vantini, *Oriental Sources Concerning Nubia*, p.
|
||||
[^50]: Vantini, *Oriental Sources Concerning Nubia*, p.
|
||||
369-70.
|
||||
|
||||
[^51]: [Vantini, *Oriental Sources Concerning Nubia*, p.
|
||||
329; [Seignobos, *L'Égypte et la Nubie à l'époque
|
||||
[^51]: Vantini, *Oriental Sources Concerning Nubia*, p.
|
||||
329; Seignobos, *L'Égypte et la Nubie à l'époque
|
||||
médiévale*, p. 93-112.
|
||||
|
||||
[^52]: [Vantini, *Oriental Sources Concerning Nubia*, p.
|
||||
639; [Seignobos, *L'Égypte et la Nubie à l'époque
|
||||
médiévale*, p. 53-91.
|
||||
|
||||
[^53]: [Łajtar, "On the Name of the Capital of the Nubian
|
||||
[^53]: Łajtar, "On the Name of the Capital of the Nubian
|
||||
Kingdom of Makuria".
|
||||
|
||||
[^54]: [Budge, *Miscellaneous Texts in the Dialect of Upper
|
||||
[^54]: Budge, *Miscellaneous Texts in the Dialect of Upper
|
||||
Egypt*, pp. 858-61.
|
||||
|
||||
[^55]: [Zielińska and [Tsakos,
|
||||
[^55]: Zielińska and Tsakos,
|
||||
"Representations of the Archangel Michael in Wall Paintings from
|
||||
Christian Nubia", pp. 85-6.
|
||||
|
||||
[^56]: [Tsakos, "Sources about the cult and persona of the
|
||||
[^56]: Tsakos, "Sources about the cult and persona of the
|
||||
archangel Michael in Nubia".
|
||||
|
||||
[^57]: For the use of the title archistratēgos for the archangel
|
||||
|
|
@ -952,51 +952,51 @@ August 2011*, edited by Friedrike [Jesse and Carola
|
|||
Centre in Nubia. The Evidence of Wall Inscriptions in the Upper
|
||||
Church at Banganarti*, p. 46.
|
||||
|
||||
[^58]: [Tsakos, "The Liber Institutionis Michaelis in
|
||||
[^58]: Tsakos, "The Liber Institutionis Michaelis in
|
||||
Medieval Nubia".
|
||||
|
||||
[^59]: About this coincidence, see [Browne, "Old Nubian
|
||||
literature", p. 382 and [Tsakos "Textual finds from
|
||||
[^59]: About this coincidence, see Browne, "Old Nubian
|
||||
literature", p. 382 and Tsakos "Textual finds from
|
||||
Cerre Matto".
|
||||
|
||||
[^60]: [Ruffini, *Medieval Nubia: A Social and Economic
|
||||
[^60]: Ruffini, *Medieval Nubia: A Social and Economic
|
||||
History*, pp. 34-5.
|
||||
|
||||
[^61]: [Seignobos, *L'Égypte et la Nubie à l'époque
|
||||
[^61]: Seignobos, *L'Égypte et la Nubie à l'époque
|
||||
médiévale*, p. 198 and note 158.
|
||||
|
||||
[^62]: For examples of the contrary, see
|
||||
[Martens-Czarnecka, *The Wall Paintings from the
|
||||
Martens-Czarnecka, *The Wall Paintings from the
|
||||
Monastery on Kom H in Dongola*, pp. 207-13.
|
||||
|
||||
[^63]: [Michalowski, *Faras - Wall Paintings in the
|
||||
[^63]: Michalowski, *Faras - Wall Paintings in the
|
||||
Collection of the National Museum in Warsaw*, nr. 61, p. 263;
|
||||
[Jakobielski e.a., *Pachoras/Faras: The Wall Paintings
|
||||
Jakobielski e.a., *Pachoras/Faras: The Wall Paintings
|
||||
from the Cathedrals of Aetios, Paulos and Petros*, nr. 138, pp.
|
||||
419-22.
|
||||
|
||||
[^64]: For a discussion framed as background for an analysis of the
|
||||
title "Eparch of Nobadia," see [Hendrickx, "The "Lord
|
||||
title "Eparch of Nobadia," see Hendrickx, "The "Lord
|
||||
of the Mountain". A Study of the Nubian *eparchos of Nobadia*".
|
||||
|
||||
[^65]: [Mason, *Greek Terms for Roman Institutions: A
|
||||
[^65]: Mason, *Greek Terms for Roman Institutions: A
|
||||
Lexicon and Analysis*, pp. 138-40.
|
||||
|
||||
[^66]: [Żurawski, "Strongholds on the Middle Nile: Nubian
|
||||
[^66]: Żurawski, "Strongholds on the Middle Nile: Nubian
|
||||
Fortifications of the Middle Ages", pp. 115-8.
|
||||
|
||||
[^67]: [Tsakos, "Terms for Boats and Navigation in Old
|
||||
[^67]: Tsakos, "Terms for Boats and Navigation in Old
|
||||
Nubia".
|
||||
|
||||
[^68]: [Żurawski, "Strongholds on the Middle Nile: Nubian
|
||||
[^68]: Żurawski, "Strongholds on the Middle Nile: Nubian
|
||||
Fortifications of the Middle Ages", p. 116.
|
||||
|
||||
[^69]: [Welsby, *The Kingdom of Kush*, p. 40
|
||||
[^69]: Welsby, *The Kingdom of Kush*, p. 40
|
||||
|
||||
[^70]: [Hägg, "Titles and honorific epithets in Nubian
|
||||
[^70]: Hägg, "Titles and honorific epithets in Nubian
|
||||
Greek texts", pp. 161-2.
|
||||
|
||||
[^71]: [Griffith, "Christian Documents from Nubia", pp.
|
||||
[^71]: Griffith, "Christian Documents from Nubia", pp.
|
||||
134-45; [Łajtar, "The so-called Kudanbes Inscription in
|
||||
Deir Anba Hadra (St. Simeon Monastery) near Aswan: An Attempt at a
|
||||
New Reading and Interpretation".
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Reference in a new issue