timothea proofs

content/article/zellmann.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ abstract: First edition of a Christian epitaph in Greek of a woman, Timothea, br
 keywords: ["Christian Nubia", "epigraphy", "epitaph", "Greek", "Brooklyn Museum", "Henry J. Anderson", "Abraham", "Timothea"]
 ---
 
-# Introduction: From Nubia to Brooklyn
+# Introduction: From Nubia to Brooklyn [^1]
 
 Among the hundreds of artifacts collected by Dr. Henry J. Anderson
 (1799--1875) on his travels in the eastern Mediterranean in 1847 is a
@@ -31,12 +31,27 @@ Expedition, the occasion for his eastern travels.[^3] Along with nearly
 unwrapping was the occasion for lectures delivered by Anderson at the
 New-York Historical Society in December 1864 (fig. 1), reported in major
 newspapers at the time---,[^4] the stone was donated by Anderson's sons
-E. Ellery and Edward H. Anderson to the Society in 1877.[^5] There the
+E. Ellery and Edward H. Anderson to the Society in 1877.[^5] 
+
+![New-York Historical Society Lecture on Egypt, 1864: Concluding Lecture by Prof. Henry J. Anderson. Poster. New-York Historical Society Pictorial Archives, RG-5, Series IV, 2NW, Range 12A, Bay B, Drawer 10, F:1. Photography ©New-York Historical Society (http://nyhistory.org).](../static/images/zellmann/Fig1.jpg "New-York Historical Society Lecture on Egypt, 1864: Concluding Lecture by Prof. Henry J. Anderson. Poster. New-York Historical Society Pictorial Archives, RG-5, Series IV, 2NW, Range 12A, Bay B, Drawer 10, F:1. Photography ©New-York Historical Society (http://nyhistory.org).")
+
+**~~Figure 1. New-York Historical Society Lecture on Egypt, 1864: Concluding Lecture by Prof. Henry J. Anderson. Poster. New-York Historical Society Pictorial Archives, RG-5, Series IV, 2NW, Range 12A, Bay B, Drawer 10, F:1. Photography ©New-York Historical Society (http://nyhistory.org).~~**
+
+There the
 stele (fig. 2) received the inventory number O.127An, reflected in a
 label still attached to its back (fig. 3). It may be among the "Four
 Stones with Greek inscriptions" mentioned in an unnumbered inventory of
 the Anderson gift printed in 1915.[^6]
 
+![Epitaph of Timothea. Brooklyn Museum accession 37.1827E; ex-New-York Historical Society O.127An. Photography: the author.](../static/images/zellmann/Fig2.jpg "Epitaph of Timothea. Brooklyn Museum accession 37.1827E; ex-New-York Historical Society O.127An. Photography: the author.")
+
+**~~Figure 2. Epitaph of Timothea. Brooklyn Museum accession 37.1827E; ex-New-York Historical Society O.127An. Photography: the author.~~**
+
+
+![Epitaph of Timothea, back side. Photography: the author.](../static/images/zellmann/Fig3.jpg "Epitaph of Timothea, back side. Photography: the author.")
+
+**~~Figure 3. Epitaph of Timothea, back side. Photography: the author.~~**
+
 Anderson himself never published an account of how he came into
 possession of this stele or any other antiquities from Egypt or its
 vicinity. Other sources, however, firmly establish a visit in late 1847
@@ -94,9 +109,6 @@ euphemistic verb of death, the date, and a prayer for a divine grant of
 repose (with ἀναπαύω) in the "bosoms" (ἐν κόλποις and variants) of
 Abraham and, usually, his successor patriarchs Isaac and Jacob.[^12]
 
-Table 1. Greek epitaphs from northern Nubia with the same formulary as
-the Brooklyn Museum stele, by provenance. (Names are presented without
-normalization.)
 
 |||
 |:---|:---|
@@ -104,6 +116,7 @@ normalization.)
 | **Talmis** | |
 |||
 | *Epitaph of* | *References* |
+|||
 | Abraam | *I.Chr. Egypte* 623 (*SB* V 8720; *I.Nubia Tibiletti Bruno* 54) (*DBMNT* 482) |
 | Akkendarpe | *I.Chr. Egypte* 622 (*SB* V 8736; *I.Nubia Tibiletti Bruno* 53) (*DBMNT* 481) |
 | Manna | *SEG* LII 1817 (*I.Chr. Egypte* 652; *SB* III 6089; V 8737; *I.Nubia Tibiletti Bruno* 47) (*DBMNT* 495) |
@@ -114,6 +127,7 @@ normalization.)
 |**Talmis?**| |
 |||
 | *Epitaph of* | *References* |
+|||
 | Edra | *SEG* LXV 2010 (*DBMNT* 3075) |
 | Epephanios | *SEG* XLIX 2348 (LXIII 1712) (*DBMNT* 566) |
 | Georgios | *SEG* LXVII 1472 (*DBMNT* 4398) |
@@ -186,6 +200,8 @@ normalization.)
 | \[\...\][^20] | Liddel, "Greek Inscriptions," pp. 97--8 no. B.2 |
 |||
 
+Table 1. Greek epitaphs from northern Nubia with the same formulary as the Brooklyn Museum stele, by provenance. (Names are presented without normalization.)
+
 The theological implications of this plural expansion of the "bosom"
 (see further the commentary to line 8 of the edition below) remains to
 be explained. After the seminal passage of Luke 16, the deceased was
@@ -193,6 +209,10 @@ imagined---to judge from the famous illuminated manuscript of Gregory of
 Nazianzus produced for the Byzantine emperor Basil I (fig. 4)---as
 sitting in Abraham's lap.
 
+![Illuminated copy of Gregory of Nazianzus, scene of Dives and Lazarus. Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, grec 510, fol. 149r. Source: gallica.bnf.fr.](../static/images/zellmann/Fig4.jpg "Illuminated copy of Gregory of Nazianzus, scene of Dives and Lazarus. Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, grec 510, fol. 149r. Source: gallica.bnf.fr.")
+
+**~~Figure 4. Illuminated copy of Gregory of Nazianzus, scene of Dives and Lazarus. Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, grec 510, fol. 149r. Source: gallica.bnf.fr.~~**
+
 The publication of the Brooklyn Museum epitaph, besides encouraging the
 continued commemoration of Timothea---an activity that the inclusion of
 a month date in the text was meant to promote---,[^21] offers a small
@@ -296,7 +316,7 @@ medioevale*, p. 41, lines 3--4: read Τικετη ἐτελεύτησεν in pla
 line 5 with the editor \[accepted also in *I.Ghazali* 210\]\]).
 Corruptions, in ancient or modern copying, could also be suspected in
 two cases from Taphis (Ginari): of επη (sic: ἐ⟨τελευτ⟩ή⟨σεν⟩?) in the
-corresponding place in [Firth]{.smallcaps} 124, and of the confused
+corresponding place in Firth 124, and of the confused
 sequence ΤΕ\[.\]ΝΑΝ\[.\]ΙΔΕΘ in *SEG* LIV 1774, which might conceal an
 error (probably of copying by the editor rather than execution by the
 ancient stonecutter) for ⟨ἐ⟩τε⟨λεύτησεν⟩. The spelling ἐτελευώθη in
@@ -403,20 +423,6 @@ exclusive to Ginari, but it is now found in three epitaphs from Ghazali
 probably in northern Nubia, it appears alongside ἀμήν in the
 corresponding place.
 
-Figure 1. New-York Historical Society Lecture on Egypt, 1864: Concluding
-Lecture by Prof. Henry J. Anderson. Poster. New-York Historical Society
-Pictorial Archives, RG-5, Series IV, 2NW, Range 12A, Bay B, Drawer 10,
-F:1. Photography ©New-York Historical Society
-(\<http://nyhistory.org\>).
-
-Figure 2. Epitaph of Timothea. Brooklyn Museum accession 37.1827E;
-ex-New-York Historical Society O.127An. Photography: the author.
-
-Figure 3. Epitaph of Timothea, back side. Photography: the author.
-
-Figure 4. Illuminated copy of Gregory of Nazianzus, scene of Dives and
-Lazarus. Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, grec 510, fol. 149r.
-Source: gallica.bnf.fr
 
 Bibliography
 
@@ -427,7 +433,7 @@ grecques*. Publications de l'Université de Lille III. Villeneuve-d'Ascq:
 Université de Lille III, 1976.
 
 *DBMNT* = Grzegorz Ochała (ed.), *Database of Medieval Nubian Texts*
-(Warsaw: University of Warsaw, 2011-- ) \<http://www.dbmnt.uw.edu.pl\>.
+(Warsaw: University of Warsaw, 2011-- ) http://www.dbmnt.uw.edu.pl.
 
 Firth = Cecil M. Firth, "Appendix II: Catalogue of the Greek Gravestones
 of the Christian Period from Ginari, Cemetery 55," in *The
@@ -437,7 +443,7 @@ by grave number).
 
 *GrEpiAbbr.* = A. Chaniotis et al., "Liste des abréviations des éditions
 et ouvrages de référence pour l'épigraphie grecque alphabétique"
-\<https://www.aiegl.org/grepiabbr.html\>.
+https://www.aiegl.org/grepiabbr.html.
 
 *I.Chr. Egypte* = Gustave Lefebvre, *Recueil des inscriptions
 grecques-chrétiennes d'Égypte*. Cairo: Institut français d'archéologie
@@ -476,7 +482,7 @@ Graeca. Paris: J.-P. Migne, 1857--1866.
 de Gothembourg*. Göteborgs Högskolas Årsskrift 35.1. Gothenburg:
 Elanders, 1929.
 
-*P.Louvre* III = Andrea [Jördens]{.smallcaps} et al., *Griechische
+*P.Louvre* III = Andrea Jördens et al., *Griechische
 Papyri aus der Sammlung des Louvre (P. Louvre III)*. Papyrologische
 Texte und Abhandlungen 47. Bonn 2022.
 
@@ -487,12 +493,14 @@ Aegypten*. Various places and publishers, 1915-- .
 Graecum*. Leiden: Brill, 1923-- .
 
 *TM* = *Trismegistos: An Interdisciplinary Portal of the Ancient World*
-\<https://www.trismegistos.org\>
+https://www.trismegistos.org
 
 *T.Mom.Louvre* = François Baratte and Bernard Boyaval, "Catalogue des
 étiquettes de momies du Musée du Louvre," *Cahiers de Recherches de
 l'Institut de Papyrologie et d'Égyptologie de Lille* 2--6 (1975--1981).
 
+References
+
 Brakmann, Heinzgerd, "Defunctus adhuc loquitur: Gottesdienst und
 Gebetsliteratur der untergegangenen Kirche in Nubien." *Archiv für
 Liturgiewissenschaft* 48 (2006): pp. 283--333.
@@ -543,7 +551,7 @@ Lynch, William F. (ed.). *Official Report of the United States'
 Expedition to Explore the Dead Sea and the River Jordan*. Baltimore:
 John Murphy, 1852.
 
-Mateos, J. "Prières syriennes d'absolution du VII^e^--XI^e^ siècles."
+Mateos, J. "Prières syriennes d'absolution du VIIe--XIe siècles."
 *Orientalia Christiana Periodica* 35 (1968): pp. 252--80.
 
 Monneret de Villard, Ugo. *La Nubia medioevale*, vol. 1. Cairo: Institut
@@ -622,7 +630,7 @@ Lazarus in Luke 16:19--31." *Novum Testamentum* 62 (2020): pp. 2--24.
 
 [^3]: He contributed a report, "Geological Reconnaisance of Part of the
     Holy Land," on explorations from Beirut south to the Dead Sea,
-    including its eastern shores (in [Lynch]{.smallcaps} \[ed.\],
+    including its eastern shores (in Lynch \[ed.\],
     *Official Report*, pp. 75--206); see also his obituary in the *New
     York Times*, 18 January 1876, p. 8.
 
@@ -669,7 +677,7 @@ Lazarus in Luke 16:19--31." *Novum Testamentum* 62 (2020): pp. 2--24.
     from "the domain of local law or finance": van der Vliet,
     "Gleanings," pp. 176--8 \[*SEG* LII 1816\].
 
-[^16]: [Firth]{.smallcaps} read χρισαν̅τη; the overline in a Nubian
+[^16]: Firth read χρισαν̅τη; the overline in a Nubian
     context would be expected to represent /i/, but a misreading (or
     misprinting) of χρισανθη (Chrisanthē; cf. Χρυσάνθη) is also
     possible. An anonymous reader of *Dotawo* is thanked for these