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content/annex/abecedaire.md

@@ -1103,6 +1103,20 @@ Thieme, Tatiana A. “![Beyond Repair: Staying with Breakdown at the Interstices
 
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+# Šaneri
+
+The terms *šaner*, *šaneri*, and *šana* in former Yugoslavia referred to members of a distinctive underground culture associated with smuggling, fashion, and black-market activities. This subculture was especially active in the socialist era and flourished primarily from the 1960s to the 1980s. These terms reflect not only the specific people involved in these activities but also a broader cultural phenomenon marked by defiance of the socialist economy and a fascination with Western fashion and material goods.
+
+A *šaner* (or sometimes *šanerka* for women) was an individual who smuggled or traded Western goods, usually clothing, perfumes, cosmetics, electronics, and other luxury items that were hard to find or restricted in Yugoslavia. Šaneri were known to travel to nearby countries (like Italy, Germany, or Austria) to obtain these items, which they would then sell on the black market at a premium. They were essentially entrepreneurs, operating outside the official economic system.
+
+*Šaneri* (plural form) became a subculture of sorts, with its own style, language, and values. These individuals were characterized by their flashy clothing, often incorporating Western fashion trends, and a flamboyant, rebellious lifestyle that stood in contrast to socialist ideals of modesty and uniformity. The term *šaneri* came to represent people who valued individuality, material wealth, and Western glamour, which was largely inaccessible to the average Yugoslavian citizen due to the country’s socialist policies and economic limitations.
+
+*Šana* was a colloquial term for the goods that *šaneri* would sell or smuggle. Having access to *šana* was seen as a mark of status or “coolness,” particularly among young people and urban residents who wanted to distinguish themselves from the mainstream socialist aesthetic.
+
+The *šaneri* phenomenon held cultural significance in Yugoslavia because it represented a point of tension between socialist ideology and the lure of Western consumerism. While Yugoslavia was more liberal and open to the West compared to other socialist states, the availability of Western goods was still limited and closely controlled. Consequently, *šaneri* influenced youth culture and fashion, as their access to Western trends made them tastemakers in their communities.
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 # Taqiyya
 
 Beirut-based artist Lawrence Abu Hamdan has been excavating the practice of *taqiyya*, a term belonging to Shia Islamic jurisprudence that connotes a legal dispensation for those who must dissimulate their faith when at risk of persecution. For Hamdan *taqiyya* is “an admission that free speech is not about speaking freely, but reclaiming control over the very conditions under which one is being heard” (Hamdan 2015).