corr2 !publish!
This commit is contained in:
parent
35dc79ada7
commit
da9f420cba
2 changed files with 43 additions and 43 deletions
|
@ -1096,7 +1096,7 @@ colonial outlooks.
|
|||
|
||||
# Bibliography
|
||||
|
||||
Abd el-Gawad, Heba, and Alice Stevenson.
|
||||
Abd el-Gawad, Heba and Alice Stevenson.
|
||||
"Egypt's Dispersed Heritage: Multi-directional Storytelling through
|
||||
Comic Art." *Journal of Social Archaeology* 21, no. 1 (2021): pp.
|
||||
121--145. https://doi.org/10.1177/146960532199292
|
||||
|
@ -1119,7 +1119,7 @@ Michigan, 2010.
|
|||
Henry Breasted's Ancient Times, a History of the Early World." *Journal
|
||||
of Egyptian History* 5 (2012): pp. 12--33.
|
||||
|
||||
Ashby, Solange, and Talawa Adodo. "Nubia as
|
||||
Ashby, Solange and Talawa Adodo. "Nubia as
|
||||
a Place of Refuge: Nile Valley Resistance against Foreign Invasion." In
|
||||
*New Perspectives on Ancient Nubia*, edited by Solange Ashby and Aaron
|
||||
Brody. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias, forthcoming.
|
||||
|
@ -1129,7 +1129,7 @@ Project Hunts the Last Incas." May 14, 2011. Accessed August 10, 2022.
|
|||
https://www.slideshare.net/BUENOBUONOGOOD/andes-communique-genographicprojecthuntsthelastincas.
|
||||
|
||||
Baker, Shamim M., Otis W. Brawley, and
|
||||
Leonard S.[Marks. "Effects of Untreated Syphilis in the
|
||||
Leonard S. Marks. "Effects of Untreated Syphilis in the
|
||||
Negro Male, 1932 to 1972: A Closure Comes to the Tuskegee Study, 2004."
|
||||
*Urology* 65,6 (2005): pp. 1259--62. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2004.10.023.
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -1138,7 +1138,7 @@ Texas Incident of 1906: The True and Tragic Story of a Black Battalion's
|
|||
Wrongful Disgrace and Ultimate Redemption*. Fort Smith, AR: Red Engine
|
||||
Press, 2020.
|
||||
|
||||
Beatty, Mario H., and Vanessa Davies.
|
||||
Beatty, Mario H. and Vanessa Davies.
|
||||
"African Americans and the Study of Ancient Egypt." forthcoming.
|
||||
|
||||
Bednarski, Andrew, Aidan Dodson, and Salima
|
||||
|
@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@ Race as a Border Concept." *Research in Phenomenology* 42 (2012): pp.
|
|||
Bieze, Michael. *Booker T. Washington and the Art of
|
||||
Self-representation*. New York: Peter Lang, 2008.
|
||||
|
||||
Bieze, Michael Scott, and Marybeth Gasman,
|
||||
Bieze, Michael Scott and Marybeth Gasman,
|
||||
eds. *Booker T. Washington Rediscovered*. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins
|
||||
University Press, 2012.
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -1361,7 +1361,7 @@ Minor, Elizabeth. "Decolonizing Reisner: A Case Study of a
|
|||
Classic Kerma Female Burial for Reinterpreting Early Nubian
|
||||
Archaeological Collections through Digital Archival Resources." In
|
||||
*Nubian Archaeology in the XXIst Century: Proceedings of the Thirteenth
|
||||
International Conference for Nubian Studies, Neuchâtel, 1^st^--6^th^
|
||||
International Conference for Nubian Studies, Neuchâtel, 1st--6th
|
||||
September 2014*, edited by Matthieu Honegger, pp. 251--262. Leuven:
|
||||
Peeters, 2018.
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -1411,7 +1411,7 @@ genomes suggest an increase of Sub-Saharan African ancestry in
|
|||
post-Roman periods." *Nature Communications* 8, 15694 (May 2017).
|
||||
https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15694.
|
||||
|
||||
Scott, Emmett Jay, and Lyman Beecher Stowe.
|
||||
Scott, Emmett Jay and Lyman Beecher Stowe.
|
||||
*Booker T. Washington: Builder of a Civilization*. Garden City, NY:
|
||||
Doubleday, Page and Company, 1916.
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -1650,9 +1650,9 @@ https://news.uchicago.edu/story/100-years-ago-georgiana-simpson-made-history-fir
|
|||
[^42]: Much on this topic has been written by Reid (e.g.,
|
||||
"Indigenous Egyptology") and Quirke (e.g., "Exclusion
|
||||
of Egyptians"), as well as many others, for example,
|
||||
Riggs, "Colonial Visions"; Doyon, "On
|
||||
Archaeological Labor"; Langer, "Informal Colonialism";
|
||||
Minor, "Decolonizing Reisner"; Lemos,
|
||||
Riggs, "Colonial Visions;" Doyon, "On
|
||||
Archaeological Labor;" Langer, "Informal Colonialism;"
|
||||
Minor, "Decolonizing Reisner;" Lemos,
|
||||
"Can We Decolonize." Note too the statement by Tuck
|
||||
and Yang ("Decolonization," pp. 1): "Decolonization
|
||||
brings about the repatriation of Indigenous land and life; it is not
|
||||
|
@ -1680,7 +1680,7 @@ https://news.uchicago.edu/story/100-years-ago-georgiana-simpson-made-history-fir
|
|||
[^48]: Breasted, "Recovery and Decipherment," p. 376.
|
||||
|
||||
[^49]: Ambridge described his conclusions as "deeply ethnocentric at
|
||||
best"; Ambridge, "Imperialism and Racial Geography,"
|
||||
best;" Ambridge, "Imperialism and Racial Geography,"
|
||||
p. 13.
|
||||
|
||||
[^50]: The story of the original series of events and the inquiry is
|
||||
|
@ -1713,8 +1713,8 @@ https://news.uchicago.edu/story/100-years-ago-georgiana-simpson-made-history-fir
|
|||
of World Egyptology*.
|
||||
|
||||
[^59]: Beatty and Davies, "African
|
||||
Americans"; Davies, "Egypt and Egyptology";
|
||||
Davies, "Pauline Hopkins' Literary Egyptology";
|
||||
Americans;" Davies, "Egypt and Egyptology;"
|
||||
Davies, "Pauline Hopkins' Literary Egyptology;"
|
||||
Davies, "W. E. B. Du Bois."
|
||||
|
||||
[^60]: On the formation of the question of the racial identity of
|
||||
|
@ -1752,10 +1752,10 @@ https://news.uchicago.edu/story/100-years-ago-georgiana-simpson-made-history-fir
|
|||
|
||||
[^66]: See his discussion of now-discredited theories about the
|
||||
differing head shapes among so-called races and his discussion of
|
||||
the "Semitic race," as if race were linked to language family;
|
||||
the "Semitic race", as if race were linked to language family;
|
||||
Breasted, *Ancient Times*, 2nd ed, pp. 131 note, 160.
|
||||
For more on this issue, see Ambridge, "Imperialism and
|
||||
Racial Geography"; Ambridge, *History and Narrative*.
|
||||
Racial Geography;" Ambridge, *History and Narrative*.
|
||||
|
||||
[^67]: Williams, *Rethinking Race*, pp. 7--8.
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -1764,7 +1764,7 @@ https://news.uchicago.edu/story/100-years-ago-georgiana-simpson-made-history-fir
|
|||
|
||||
[^69]: Keita, "Studies and Comments," p. 130.
|
||||
|
||||
[^70]: Keita, "Ancient Egyptian 'Origins' and 'Identity.'"
|
||||
[^70]: Keita, "Ancient Egyptian 'Origins' and 'Identity'."
|
||||
See also Templeton, "Human Races," p. 646: "Humans
|
||||
show only modest levels of differentiation among populations when
|
||||
compared to other large-bodied mammals, and this level of
|
||||
|
@ -1927,39 +1927,39 @@ https://news.uchicago.edu/story/100-years-ago-georgiana-simpson-made-history-fir
|
|||
pp. 6--7. But note that "there are no texts from the Egyptians or
|
||||
Kushites that present an identification scheme of peoples
|
||||
*designated by their color*" (emphasis in the original);
|
||||
Keita, "Ideas about 'Race,'" p. 100. On the formal art
|
||||
Keita, "Ideas about 'Race'," p. 100. On the formal art
|
||||
of temple and elite tomb contexts as a vehicle for the expression of
|
||||
state ideology, see Smith, *Wretched Kush*, esp. chap.
|
||||
7; Davies, *Peace in Ancient Egypt*, esp. pp. 12--13.
|
||||
|
||||
[^110]: Keita, "Ideas about 'Race,'" p. 110.
|
||||
[^110]: Keita, "Ideas about 'Race'," p. 110.
|
||||
|
||||
[^111]: Keita, "Ancient Egyptian 'Origins' and
|
||||
'Identity;'" Keita, "Ideas about 'Race,'" p. 112, 116.
|
||||
'Identity':" Keita, "Ideas about 'Race'," p. 112, 116.
|
||||
|
||||
[^112]: See n. 59 for some articles that give examples of scholars doing
|
||||
this work in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
|
||||
Another famous example is the work of the Senegalese scholar Cheikh
|
||||
Anta Diop. More recent examples include Ashby and
|
||||
Adodo, "Nubia as a Place of Refuge";
|
||||
Adodo, "Nubia as a Place of Refuge;"
|
||||
Buzon, Smith, and
|
||||
Simonetti, "Entanglement"; Capo Chichi,
|
||||
"On the Relationship"; Faraji, *The Roots of Nubian
|
||||
Christianity*; Gatto, "The Nubian Pastoral Culture";
|
||||
Simonetti, "Entanglement;" Capo Chichi,
|
||||
"On the Relationship;" Faraji, *The Roots of Nubian
|
||||
Christianity*; Gatto, "The Nubian Pastoral Culture;"
|
||||
Hansberry, *Pillars in Ethiopian History*;
|
||||
Hassan, "Memorabilia"; Heard,
|
||||
"Barbarians at the Gate"; Jaggs, "Maat - Iwa";
|
||||
Keita, "Ancient Egyptian 'Origins' and 'Identity'";
|
||||
Lemos, "Beyond Cultural Entanglements";
|
||||
Malvoisin, "Geometry and Giraffes";
|
||||
Monroe, "Animals in the Kerma Afterlife";
|
||||
Smith, "'Backwater Puritans'?"; Somet,
|
||||
Hassan, "Memorabilia;" Heard,
|
||||
"Barbarians at the Gate;" Jaggs, "Maat - Iwa;"
|
||||
Keita, "Ancient Egyptian 'Origins' and 'Identity';"
|
||||
Lemos, "Beyond Cultural Entanglements;"
|
||||
Malvoisin, "Geometry and Giraffes;"
|
||||
Monroe, "Animals in the Kerma Afterlife;"
|
||||
Smith, "'Backwater Puritans'?;" Somet,
|
||||
*L'Égypte ancienne*; Wengrow, "Landscapes of
|
||||
Knowledge."
|
||||
|
||||
[^113]: On these issues, see Sabry, "Anti-blackness in
|
||||
Egypt"; Abd el-Gawad and Stevenson, "Egypt's Dispersed
|
||||
Heritage"; Hassan, "African Dimension."
|
||||
Egypt;" Abd el-Gawad and Stevenson, "Egypt's Dispersed
|
||||
Heritage;" Hassan, "African Dimension."
|
||||
|
||||
[^114]: Washington, *Up From Slavery*, p. 149.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -771,12 +771,12 @@ everywhere, on people's clothes or bodies, but mainly on all urban
|
|||
structures. Sudanese people expressed their emotions on the building
|
||||
walls, streets, public transport, fences, and even trees and animals.
|
||||
Anti-government slogans appeared in every space that it was possible to
|
||||
draw, even the smallest ones. The slogan "Tasqut bas" addressed to
|
||||
el-Bashir and his regime can be translated as: "Just fall, that's all"
|
||||
or "You'd better fall".[^78] This slogan was repeated and
|
||||
draw, even the smallest ones. The slogan *Tasqut bas* addressed to
|
||||
el-Bashir and his regime can be translated as: *Just fall, that's all*
|
||||
or *You'd better fall*.[^78] This slogan was repeated and
|
||||
hash-tagged many times on different kinds of brochures and online
|
||||
flyers. Almost equally famous was: \"Ash -shaab yurid isqat an-nizam",
|
||||
which means: "The people want the regime to fall".[^79] It appeared on
|
||||
flyers. Almost equally famous was: *Ash -shaab yurid isqat an-nizam*,
|
||||
which means: *The people want the regime to fall*.[^79] It appeared on
|
||||
the buildings and bus stops not only in Khartoum but in other towns and
|
||||
even villages. Activists created the hashtags #BlueForSudan and
|
||||
#KeepEyesOnSudan, which appeared widely both on the streets and online.
|
||||
|
@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ favourite colour of the martyr Mohamed Mattar, who was shot protecting
|
|||
two women during a police attack (see above). Another hashtag formed
|
||||
during the protests was #Sudaxit. This alluded to Brexit and emphasized
|
||||
that protesters identified more with African peoples than with Arabs and
|
||||
demand the separation of Sudan from the Arab League.[^80]
|
||||
demanded the separation of Sudan from the Arab League.[^80]
|
||||
|
||||
Due to the restrictions imposed on Internet and the censorship practised
|
||||
in public television, the flow of information had to find other ways to
|
||||
|
@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ slogans or symbols, and glorifications of the martyrs. Women, for
|
|||
example, used the henna painting (traditionally made before weddings)
|
||||
and designed anti-government slogans or images on the hands or feet of
|
||||
protesters.[^81] Also women wove revolution symbols
|
||||
into their traditional clothes, adding victory signs or "Tasqut bas"
|
||||
into their traditional clothes, adding victory signs or *Tasqut bas*
|
||||
slogans to their toubes, which gained over the years representative
|
||||
status as a reminder of feminist values fought by their mothers and
|
||||
grandmothers.[^82] Older generations wore the white toube during the
|
||||
|
@ -822,7 +822,7 @@ one of the many female Sudanese artists courageously creating art on the
|
|||
streets of Khartoum.[^83] Diab painted murals and immortalised the
|
||||
memory of Sudanese killed by security forces during the uprising.
|
||||
Sometimes the families were taking part in creating the martyrs\'
|
||||
portraits, which allowed them to add something personally to commemorate
|
||||
portraits, which allowed them to add something personal to commemorate
|
||||
their loved ones. The portraits are reminders of the loss
|
||||
and sacrifice, of government brutality and their disrespect for human
|
||||
life, and the price of freedom and democracy.
|
||||
|
@ -864,8 +864,8 @@ member.[^85] The daily news about atrocities committed by the RSF is
|
|||
reflected in the artists\' work following these events. The mural of
|
||||
Galal Yousif, destroyed during the June 3 crackdown, shows people
|
||||
shouting or screaming. Above them, huge hands try to silence the figure
|
||||
in the centre. The inscription in Arabic on the side explains: "You were
|
||||
born free, so live free."[^86] Yousif painted several murals in
|
||||
in the centre. The inscription in Arabic on the side explains: *You were
|
||||
born free, so live free*.[^86] Yousif painted several murals in
|
||||
Khartoum. One of them was placed under the bridge near the sit-in and
|
||||
depicts screaming figures with horrified and distorted faces. The incomprehensible anxiety can be compared with Edward Munch\'s
|
||||
'Scream'.[^87]
|
||||
|
@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ violence and terror in which everyday protesters functioned.
|
|||
In 2019, merchandise with symbols of the revolution started to appear in
|
||||
the street markets. They were mainly produced abroad by the diaspora,
|
||||
but some handmade products also circulated, albeit in a limited range,
|
||||
also in Sudan: stickers, phone cases, bags or T-shirts on which symbols
|
||||
also in Sudan: stickers, phone cases, bags, and T-shirts, on which symbols
|
||||
and hashtags spread the message of the revolution. Street
|
||||
art became popular and functioned as a reference to political ideas and
|
||||
the current situation in the country.
|
||||
|
|
Loading…
Add table
Reference in a new issue