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@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ Otherwise the loss of most plural marking is very marked in comparison with rela
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| salt | ɔrdik |
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| spear | mətsək |
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**Table 15. The fossil affix -Vk in Dinik[^405]**
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**Table 15. The fossil affix** ***-Vk*** **in Dinik[^405]**
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[^405]: Data from Bender, “Roland Stevenson’s Nyimang and Dinik Lexicon.”
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@ -1106,50 +1106,50 @@ In conclusion, a general table of the personal markers that have been identified
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# Abbreviations
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* […]: signs missing
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* [x]: signs reconstructed
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* : (colon): Meroitic word divider
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* 1, 2, 3 : 1st, 2nd, 3rd person marker
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* acc: accusative
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* adj: adjective
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* asp: aspect marker
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* app: applicative voice
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* cop: copula
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* cont: continuous (tense)
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* dat: dative
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* dec: declarative
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* det: determiner
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* disc: discursive (direct discourse marker)
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* du: dual
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* emp: so-called “emphatic particle” after the copula in Meroitic (*-wi*)
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* caus: causative
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* [*x*]: signs reconstructed
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* *:* (colon): Meroitic word divider
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* 1, 2, 3: 1st, 2nd, 3rd person marker
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* [acc]({sc}): accusative
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* [adj]({sc}): adjective
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* [asp]({sc}): aspect marker
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* [app]({sc}): applicative voice
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* [cop]({sc}): copula
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* [cont]({sc}): continuous (tense)
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* [dat]({sc}): dative
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* [dec]({sc}): declarative
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* [det]({sc}): determiner
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* [disc]({sc}): discursive (direct discourse marker)
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* [du]({sc}): dual
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* [emp]({sc}): so-called “emphatic particle” after the copula in Meroitic (*-wi*)
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* [caus]({sc}): causative
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* *FHN*: Eide et al., eds., *Fontes Historiae Nubiorum*
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* fin: final element
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* frq: frequentative
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* fut: future tense
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* gen: genitive (genitival postposition)
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* imp : imperative
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* impp: imperative particle (*-se*)
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* ipa: international phonetic alphabet
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* ipfv: imperfective
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* loc: locative
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* n: noun
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* o: object
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* obj: objective (= accusative/dative) marker
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* opt: optative
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* pl: plural
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* plc: pluractional
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* prt1: preterite 1
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* pm: personal marker
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* pn: person name
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* purp: purposive
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* [fin]({sc}): final element
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* [frq]({sc}): frequentative
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* [fut]({sc}): future tense
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* [gen]({sc}): genitive (genitival postposition)
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* [imp]({sc}): imperative
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* [impp]({sc}): imperative particle (*-se*)
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* IPA: International Phonetic Alphabet
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* [ipfv]({sc}): imperfective
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* [loc]({sc}): locative
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* [n]({sc}): noun
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* [o]({sc}): object
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* [obj]({sc}): objective (= accusative/dative) marker
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* [opt]({sc}): optative
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* [pl]({sc}): plural
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* [plc]({sc}): pluractional
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* [prt1]({sc}): preterite 1
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* [pm]({sc}): personal marker
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* [pn]({sc}): person name
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* [purp]({sc}): purposive
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* REM: *Répertoire d’épigraphie méroïtique*
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* s: subject
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* sg: singular
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* tam: tense, aspect, and mood markers
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* ver: veridical
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* vnm: verbal number marker
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* voc: vocative suffix
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* vc: verbal compound
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* [s]({sc}): subject
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* [sg]({sc}): singular
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* [tam]({sc}): tense, aspect, and mood markers
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* [ver]({sc}): veridical
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* [vnm]({sc}): verbal number marker
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* [voc]({sc}): vocative suffix
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* [vc]({sc}): verbal compound
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# Bibliography
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@ -1219,7 +1219,7 @@ Jakobi, Angelika, Ali Ibrahim & Gumma Ibrahim Gulfan, “Verbal Number and Gramm
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Khalil, Mohamed K. “The Verbal Plural Marker in Nobiin.” *Dotawo: A Journal of Nubian Studies* 2 (2015): pp. 59–71.
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Kitchen, Kenneth A. *Ramesside Inscriptions Translated and Annotated: Notes and Comments, II,* Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 1999. [BIB]
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Kitchen, Kenneth A. *Ramesside Inscriptions Translated and Annotated: Notes and Comments, II.* Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 1999. [BIB]
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Kuckertz, J. “Amanakhareqerema: A Meroitic King of the 1st Century AD.” *Der antike Sudan, Mitteilungen der Sudanarchäologischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin e.V* 29 (2018): pp. 119–144. [BIB]
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@ -1271,7 +1271,7 @@ Stevenson, Roland. *Grammar of the Nyimang Language (Nuba Mountains).* Unpublish
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Stevenson, Roland, Franz Rottland & Angelika Jakobi. “The Verb in Nyimang and Dinik.” *Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere* 32 (1992): pp. 5-64.
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Thompson, E. David. “Nera.” In *The Non-Semitic Languages of Ethiopia,* edited by M Lionel Bender. East Lansing: African Studies Center, Michigan State University, 1976: pp. 484–494.
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Thompson, E. David. “Nera.” In *The Non-Semitic Languages of Ethiopia,* edited by M. Lionel Bender. East Lansing: African Studies Center, Michigan State University, 1976: pp. 484–494.
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Vanhove, Martine. *Le bedja.* Leuven: Peeters, 2017.
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@ -364,13 +364,13 @@ Rottland, Franz. *Die Südnilotischen Sprachen: Beschreibung, Vergleichu
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Souag, Lameen. *Grammatical Contact in the Sahara: Arabic, Berber, and Songhay in Tabelbala and Siwa.* PhD Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2010.
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Starostin, George. *Языки Африки. Опыт построения лексикостатистической классификации. Том II: Восточносуданские языки* [*Languages of Afrika: An attempt at a lexicostatistical classification. Vol. II: East Sudanic languages*]. Moscow: Jazyki slavjanskoj kulʼtury, 2014.
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Starostin, George. *Языки Африки. Опыт построения лексикостатистической классификации. Том II: Восточносуданские языки* [*Languages of Africa: An Attempt at a Lexicostatistical Classification, Vol. II: East Sudanic Languages*]. Moscow: Jazyki slavjanskoj kulʼtury, 2014.
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Thelwall, Robin. "A Birgid Vocabulary List and Its Links with Daju." In *Gedenkschrift Gustav Nachtigall 1874–1974,* edited by Herbert Ganslmayr and Hermann Jungraithmayr. Bremen: Übersee-Museum, 1977: pp. 197–210.
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Thelwall, Robin. “Lexicostatistical Relations between Nubian, Daju and Dinka.” In *Etudes Nubiennes, Colloque de Chantilly, 2-6 Juillet 1975,* edited by Jean Leclant and Jean Vercouttier. Cairo: IFAO, 1978: pp. 265-286.
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Vasilyev, Mikhail & George Starostin. "Лексикостатистическая классификация нубийских языков: к вопросу о нильско-нубийской языковой общности [Lexicostatistical classification of the Nubian languages and the issue of the Nile-Nubian genetic unity]." *Journal of Language Relationship* 12 (2014): 51–72.
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Vasilyev, Mikhail & George Starostin. "Лексикостатистическая классификация нубийских языков: к вопросу о нильско-нубийской языковой общности [Lexicostatistical Classification of the Nubian languages and the Issue of the Nile-Nubian Genetic Unity]." *Journal of Language Relationship* 12 (2014): 51–72.
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Voßen, Rainer. *The Eastern Nilotes: Linguistic and Historical Reconstructions.* Berlin: Dietrich Reimer, 1982.
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