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Alexandros Tsakos 2024-11-23 14:20:04 +01:00
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@ -243,87 +243,43 @@ Table 1. Demographic Distribution of Squatting Facets at Abu Fatima
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n/o=Not observable; Locality assessed via strontium isotope analysis n/o=Not observable; Locality assessed via strontium isotope analysis
(see Schrader et al. 2019 for additional information) (see Schrader et al., "Intraregional 87Sr/86Sr Variation in Nubia" for additional information)
<br/> <br/>
<br/>
Table 2. Frequency of Squatting Facets in Other Populations Table 2. Frequency of Squatting Facets in Other Populations
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Population Squatting Sample Citation |:---|:---|:---|:---|
Facet Size |||||
Presence | Population | Squatting Facet Presence | Sample Size | Citation |
--------------------------- ------------- -------- ---------------------- | Abu Fatima | 95% | 21| Present study |
Abu Fatima 95% 21 Present study | Ancient Egypt | 96% | 300 | Satinoff [^25] |
| Ancient Egypt | 33% | 3 | Thomson et al. [^26] |
| Byzantine (13th century CE) | 48% | 100 | Ari et al. [^27] |
| Late Stone Age (1st millennium BCE), South Africa | 50% | 56 | Dlamini and Morris [^28] |
| Early farming (5th-19th centuries CE), South Africa | 77% | 17 | Dlamini and Morris [^29] |
| 18th century Cape Town | 5% | 21 | Dlamini and Morris [^30] |
| 20th century Cape Town cadavers | 0% | 29 | Dlamini and Morris [^31] |
| South African (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum | 27% | 11 | Thomson [^32] |
| Neanderthals (Europe, Near East) | 91% | 11 | Trinkaus [^33] |
| European (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum | 13% | 40 | Thomson [^34] |
| Scottish (Anatomical Department, University of Edinburgh | 17% | 118 | Wood [^35] |
| Asian (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum | 48% | 23 | Thomson [^36] |
| Native American (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum) | 37% | 19 | Thomson [^37] |
| Polynesia (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum | 75% | 4 | Thomson [^38] |
| Melanesia (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum | 71% | 38 | Thomson [^39] |
| Australian (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum | 79% | 14 | Thomson [^40] |
| Australian (Collection of Anatomical Museum of the University of Edinburgh | 81% | 236 | Wood [^41] |
| Indian (20th century) cadavers and "museum specimens" | 77% | 292 | Singh [^42] |
| Panjabi, Indian | 87% | 52 | Charles [^43] |
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Ancient Egypt 96% 300 Satinoff, 1972[^25] <br/>
Ancient Egypt 33% 3 Thomson et al.,
1889[^26]
Byzantine 13^th^ century 48% 100 Ari et al., 2003[^27]
BCE
Late Stone Age (1^st^ 50% 56 Dlamini and Morris,
millennium BCE), South 2005[^28]
Africa
Early farming (5^th^-19^th^ 77% 17 Dlamini and Morris,
centuries CE), South Africa 2005[^29]
18th century Cape Town 5% 21 Dlamini and Morris,
2005[^30]
20th century Cape Town 0% 29 Dlamini and Morris,
cadavers 2005[^31]
South African (Oxford/Royal 27% 11 Thomson, 1889[^32]
College of Surgeons'
Museum)
Neanderthals (Europe, Near 91% 11 Trinkaus, 1975[^33]
East)
European (Oxford/Royal 13% 40 Thomson, 1889[^34]
College of Surgeons'
Museum)
Scottish (Anatomical 17% 118 Wood, 1920[^35]
Department, University of
Edinburgh)
Asian (Oxford/Royal College 48% 23 Thomson, 1889[^36]
of Surgeons' Museum)
Native American 37% 19 Thomson, 1889[^37]
(Oxford/Royal College of
Surgeons' Museum)
Polynesia (Oxford/Royal 75% 4 Thomson, 1889[^38]
College of Surgeons'
Museum)
Melanesia (Oxford/Royal 71% 38 Thomson, 1889[^39]
College of Surgeons'
Museum)
Australian (Oxford/Royal 79% 14 Thomson, 1889[^40]
College of Surgeons'
Museum)
Australian (Collection of 81% 236 Wood, 1920[^41]
Anatomical Museum of the
University of Edinburgh)
Indian (20^th^ century) 77% 292 Singh, 1959[^42]
cadavers and "museum
specimens"
Panjabi, Indian 87% 52 Charles, 1893 [^43]
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One interpretation of these data is that the people of ancient Kush, One interpretation of these data is that the people of ancient Kush,
just like modern Nubians, spent much of their everyday life in a just like modern Nubians, spent much of their everyday life in a
@ -712,7 +668,7 @@ Wood, W.Q. "The Tibia of the Australian Aborigine." *Journal of Anatomy*
[^24]: Schrader et al., "Decolonizing Bioarchaeology in Sudan." [^24]: Schrader et al., "Decolonizing Bioarchaeology in Sudan."
[^25]: Satinoff, "Study of the Squatting Facets of Teh Talus and Tibia [^25]: Satinoff, "Study of the Squatting Facets of the Talus and Tibia
in Ancient Egyptians." in Ancient Egyptians."
[^26]: Thomson, Oxon, and Edin, "The Influence of Posture on the Form of [^26]: Thomson, Oxon, and Edin, "The Influence of Posture on the Form of