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@ -243,87 +243,43 @@ Table 1. Demographic Distribution of Squatting Facets at Abu Fatima
|||||||
n/o=Not observable; Locality assessed via strontium isotope analysis
(see Schrader et al. 2019 for additional information)
(see Schrader et al., "Intraregional 87Sr/86Sr Variation in Nubia" for additional information)
<br/>
<br/>
Table 2. Frequency of Squatting Facets in Other Populations
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Population Squatting Sample Citation
Facet Size
Presence
--------------------------- ------------- -------- ----------------------
Abu Fatima 95% 21 Present study
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|:---|:---|:---|:---|
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| Population | Squatting Facet Presence | Sample Size | Citation |
| Abu Fatima | 95% | 21| Present study |
| Ancient Egypt | 96% | 300 | Satinoff [^25] |
| Ancient Egypt | 33% | 3 | Thomson et al. [^26] |
| Byzantine (13th century CE) | 48% | 100 | Ari et al. [^27] |
| Late Stone Age (1st millennium BCE), South Africa | 50% | 56 | Dlamini and Morris [^28] |
| Early farming (5th-19th centuries CE), South Africa | 77% | 17 | Dlamini and Morris [^29] |
| 18th century Cape Town | 5% | 21 | Dlamini and Morris [^30] |
| 20th century Cape Town cadavers | 0% | 29 | Dlamini and Morris [^31] |
| South African (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum | 27% | 11 | Thomson [^32] |
| Neanderthals (Europe, Near East) | 91% | 11 | Trinkaus [^33] |
| European (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum | 13% | 40 | Thomson [^34] |
| Scottish (Anatomical Department, University of Edinburgh | 17% | 118 | Wood [^35] |
| Asian (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum | 48% | 23 | Thomson [^36] |
| Native American (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum) | 37% | 19 | Thomson [^37] |
| Polynesia (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum | 75% | 4 | Thomson [^38] |
| Melanesia (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum | 71% | 38 | Thomson [^39] |
| Australian (Oxford/Royal College of Surgeons' Museum | 79% | 14 | Thomson [^40] |
| Australian (Collection of Anatomical Museum of the University of Edinburgh | 81% | 236 | Wood [^41] |
| Indian (20th century) cadavers and "museum specimens" | 77% | 292 | Singh [^42] |
| Panjabi, Indian | 87% | 52 | Charles [^43] |
|||||
Ancient Egypt 96% 300 Satinoff, 1972[^25]
Ancient Egypt 33% 3 Thomson et al.,
1889[^26]
Byzantine 13^th^ century 48% 100 Ari et al., 2003[^27]
BCE
Late Stone Age (1^st^ 50% 56 Dlamini and Morris,
millennium BCE), South 2005[^28]
Africa
Early farming (5^th^-19^th^ 77% 17 Dlamini and Morris,
centuries CE), South Africa 2005[^29]
18th century Cape Town 5% 21 Dlamini and Morris,
2005[^30]
20th century Cape Town 0% 29 Dlamini and Morris,
cadavers 2005[^31]
South African (Oxford/Royal 27% 11 Thomson, 1889[^32]
College of Surgeons'
Museum)
Neanderthals (Europe, Near 91% 11 Trinkaus, 1975[^33]
East)
European (Oxford/Royal 13% 40 Thomson, 1889[^34]
College of Surgeons'
Museum)
Scottish (Anatomical 17% 118 Wood, 1920[^35]
Department, University of
Edinburgh)
Asian (Oxford/Royal College 48% 23 Thomson, 1889[^36]
of Surgeons' Museum)
Native American 37% 19 Thomson, 1889[^37]
(Oxford/Royal College of
Surgeons' Museum)
Polynesia (Oxford/Royal 75% 4 Thomson, 1889[^38]
College of Surgeons'
Museum)
Melanesia (Oxford/Royal 71% 38 Thomson, 1889[^39]
College of Surgeons'
Museum)
Australian (Oxford/Royal 79% 14 Thomson, 1889[^40]
College of Surgeons'
Museum)
Australian (Collection of 81% 236 Wood, 1920[^41]
Anatomical Museum of the
University of Edinburgh)
Indian (20^th^ century) 77% 292 Singh, 1959[^42]
cadavers and "museum
specimens"
Panjabi, Indian 87% 52 Charles, 1893 [^43]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
<br/>
One interpretation of these data is that the people of ancient Kush,
just like modern Nubians, spent much of their everyday life in a
@ -712,7 +668,7 @@ Wood, W.Q. "The Tibia of the Australian Aborigine." *Journal of Anatomy*
[^24]: Schrader et al., "Decolonizing Bioarchaeology in Sudan."
[^25]: Satinoff, "Study of the Squatting Facets of Teh Talus and Tibia
[^25]: Satinoff, "Study of the Squatting Facets of the Talus and Tibia
in Ancient Egyptians."
[^26]: Thomson, Oxon, and Edin, "The Influence of Posture on the Form of