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content/article/hamdeen.md
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@ -218,8 +218,10 @@ macro-remains.
Seven plant species were encountered as seeds. Fruits were extracted and Seven plant species were encountered as seeds. Fruits were extracted and
identified from the mudbrick samples. The assemblage of seeds and fruits identified from the mudbrick samples. The assemblage of seeds and fruits
were preserved by desiccation. Table (1) shows the Latin names of the were preserved by desiccation. Table (1) shows the Latin names of the
identified species and their distribution in the sites. Cereals identified species and their distribution in the sites.
appeared clearly and can be identified from the seeds of:
Cereals appeared clearly and can be identified from the seeds of:
- *Triticum aestivum* (Fig.3a), added to some parts of - *Triticum aestivum* (Fig.3a), added to some parts of
spikelets, chaffs, and glume fragments spikelets, chaffs, and glume fragments
- *Hordeum vulgare* (Fig. 3b), added to some parts of - *Hordeum vulgare* (Fig. 3b), added to some parts of
@ -232,8 +234,9 @@ Furthermore, for the trees:
- *Adansonia digitata* appeared from small fragments of the fruit pulp shell (Fig.3e). - *Adansonia digitata* appeared from small fragments of the fruit pulp shell (Fig.3e).
- *Acacia nilotica* was identified from the seed remains (Fig.3f). - *Acacia nilotica* was identified from the seed remains (Fig.3f).
- *Cyperus rotundus* appeared in the materials from the complete purple nutsedge roots (Fig.3g). - *Cyperus rotundus* appeared in the materials from the complete purple nutsedge roots (Fig.3g).
Some animal remains, animal dung (Fig. 3h), and insect remains (Fig.3i) appeared in the samples. More Some animal remains, animal dung (Fig. 3h), and insect remains (Fig.3i) appeared in the samples. More
analysis for more detailed identifications will be done at a later date. analyses for more detailed identifications will be done at a later date.
![A table showing plant species that were identified from the Samples.](../static/images/hamdeen/Table1.jpg "A table showing plant species that were identified from the Samples.") ![A table showing plant species that were identified from the Samples.](../static/images/hamdeen/Table1.jpg "A table showing plant species that were identified from the Samples.")

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content/article/jennings.md
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
--- ---
title: "Houses of Egyptian Nubia: West Aswan Then and Now" title: "Houses of Egyptian Nubia: West Aswan - Then and Now"
authors: ["annejennings.md"] authors: ["annejennings.md"]
abstract: While most of the Nubians in Sudan and Egypt were relocated when the Egyptian High Dam was constructed in 1964, not all of them were. Several Nuban villages sitting north of the High Dam were in no danger of inundation, and were not evacuated. The houses which the Nubians built and continue to build in these villages, distinctive and beautiful, continue to be cherished by their owners. Here I present photographs of the houses in the village of West Aswan, where I lived for 3 ½ years, showing traditional as well as more modern styles, to demonstrate that the extraordinary Nubian culture, ancient as it is, has not disappeared despite great change. abstract: Most of the Nubians in Sudan and Egypt were relocated when the Egyptian High Dam was constructed in 1964, but not all of them were. Several Nuban villages sitting north of the High Dam were in no danger of inundation, and were not evacuated. The houses which the Nubians built and continue to build in these villages, distinctive and beautiful, continue to be cherished by their owners. Here I present photographs of the houses in the village of West Aswan, where I lived for 3 ½ years, showing traditional as well as more modern styles, to demonstrate that the extraordinary Nubian culture, ancient as it is, has not disappeared despite great change.
keywords: ["Nubia", "Egyptian Nubia", "Nubian village", "West Aswan", "Houses", "Architecture", "High Dam", "Tourism"] keywords: ["Nubia", "Egyptian Nubia", "Nubian village", "West Aswan", "Houses", "Architecture", "High Dam", "Tourism"]
--- ---
@ -64,19 +64,13 @@ or a small kiosk selling canned milk and candy, or a water spigot.
**~~Figure 3. Many walls display a representation of Al Buraq, the mythical being who, according to legend, carried Mohammed to heaven on her back. (Jennings, 1981).~~** **~~Figure 3. Many walls display a representation of Al Buraq, the mythical being who, according to legend, carried Mohammed to heaven on her back. (Jennings, 1981).~~**
Many walls display a representation of al Buraq, the mythical being who, Walls that are made of mud brick absorb the heat of the sun throughout the day. In the winter, this is delightful, but during the summer months the out-of-doors is more comfortable. Both men and women congregate upon the mastabas - benches of smoothly-plastered clay that are built along the fronts of the outside walls - in the evenings, to share tasks and good conversation, and to catch the evening breezes that seem to freshen just in time.
according to legend, carried Mohammed to heaven on her back.
![Some houses have paintings on their walls, indicating that the owner has made the pilgrimage to Mecca (Jennings, 1981).](../static/images/jennings/fig4.jpg "Some houses have paintings on their walls, indicating that the owner has made the pilgrimage to Mecca (Jennings, 1981).") ![Some houses have paintings on their walls, indicating that the owner has made the pilgrimage to Mecca (Jennings, 1981).](../static/images/jennings/fig4.jpg "Some houses have paintings on their walls, indicating that the owner has made the pilgrimage to Mecca (Jennings, 1981).")
**~~Figure 4. Some houses have paintings on their walls, indicating that the owner has made the pilgrimage to Mecca (Jennings, 1981).~~** **~~Figure 4. Some houses have paintings on their walls, indicating that the owner has made the pilgrimage to Mecca (Jennings, 1981).~~**
Some houses have paintings on their walls, along with a verse from the
Quran, indicating that the owner has made the pilgrimage to Mecca.
![Most houses have benches of smoothly plastered clay (*mastabas*) that are built along the fronts of the outside walls. (Jennings, 1981).](../static/images/jennings/fig5.jpg "Most houses have benches of smoothly plastered clay (*mastabas*) that are built along the fronts of the outside walls. (Jennings, 1981).") ![Most houses have benches of smoothly plastered clay (*mastabas*) that are built along the fronts of the outside walls. (Jennings, 1981).](../static/images/jennings/fig5.jpg "Most houses have benches of smoothly plastered clay (*mastabas*) that are built along the fronts of the outside walls. (Jennings, 1981).")
**~~Figure 5. Most houses have benches of smoothly plastered clay (*mastabas*) that are built along the fronts of the outside walls. (Jennings, 1981).~~** **~~Figure 5. Most houses have benches of smoothly plastered clay (*mastabas*) that are built along the fronts of the outside walls. (Jennings, 1981).~~**
@ -87,12 +81,6 @@ Quran, indicating that the owner has made the pilgrimage to Mecca.
**~~Figure 6. These *mastabas* are gathering places for men and women at the end of the working day. (Jennings, 1981).~~** **~~Figure 6. These *mastabas* are gathering places for men and women at the end of the working day. (Jennings, 1981).~~**
Most houses have benches of smoothly plastered clay (*mastabas*), that
are built along the fronts of the outside walls, where both men and
women congregate at the end of the day to share tasks and good
conversation, and to bask in the freshening evening breezes.
![The wide courtyard of a traditional Nubian home, where celebrations and ceremonies are held. (Jennings, 2007).](../static/images/jennings/fig7.jpg "The wide courtyard of a traditional Nubian home, where celebrations and ceremonies are held. (Jennings, 2007).") ![The wide courtyard of a traditional Nubian home, where celebrations and ceremonies are held. (Jennings, 2007).](../static/images/jennings/fig7.jpg "The wide courtyard of a traditional Nubian home, where celebrations and ceremonies are held. (Jennings, 2007).")
**~~Figure 7. The wide courtyard of a traditional Nubian home, where celebrations and ceremonies are held. (Jennings, 2007).~~** **~~Figure 7. The wide courtyard of a traditional Nubian home, where celebrations and ceremonies are held. (Jennings, 2007).~~**
@ -115,16 +103,14 @@ courtyard area), served tea, and allowed to wander around the area so
that they can see what a traditional Nubian home looks like. It is hoped that they can see what a traditional Nubian home looks like. It is hoped
that they will also buy souvenirs. that they will also buy souvenirs.
The women of the family may also contribute to the household income by
drawing tattoos with henna.
![Women of the family may also contribute to the household income by drawing tattoos on tourists with henna. (Jennings, 2007).](../static/images/jennings/fig9.jpg "Women of the family may also contribute to the household income by drawing tattoos on tourists with henna. (Jennings, 2007).") ![Women of the family may also contribute to the household income by drawing tattoos on tourists with henna. (Jennings, 2007).](../static/images/jennings/fig9.jpg "Women of the family may also contribute to the household income by drawing tattoos on tourists with henna. (Jennings, 2007).")
**~~Figure 9. Women of the family may also contribute to the household income by drawing tattoos on tourists with henna. (Jennings, 2007).~~** **~~Figure 9. Women of the family may also contribute to the household income by drawing tattoos on tourists with henna. (Jennings, 2007).~~**
The women of the family may also contribute to the household income by
drawing tattoos with henna.
![A house of the older style (Jennings, 1997).](../static/images/jennings/fig10.jpg "A house of the older style (Jennings, 1997).") ![A house of the older style (Jennings, 1997).](../static/images/jennings/fig10.jpg "A house of the older style (Jennings, 1997).")
**~~Figure 10. A house of the older style (Jennings, 1997).~~** **~~Figure 10. A house of the older style (Jennings, 1997).~~**
@ -162,12 +148,9 @@ This is such a home in Gubba.
**~~Figure 12. This home is offered as a Bed & Breakfast for any tourist who wants to spend more time in Nubia. (Jennings, 2007).~~** **~~Figure 12. This home is offered as a Bed & Breakfast for any tourist who wants to spend more time in Nubia. (Jennings, 2007).~~**
This home is also offered as a Bed&Breakfast for any foreigner who wants Restaurants, such as the one in Figure 12, which has been constructed in an old
to spend more time in Nubia. Nubian house, as well as the one in Figure 13, have been built in West Aswan to
increase tourism.
Restaurants, such as this one which has been constructed in an old
Nubian house, and the one below, have been built in West Aswan to invite
the tourist trade.
![A cafe which has been reconstructed in an old Nubian house for the tourist trade (Jennings, 2007).](../static/images/jennings/fig13.jpg "A cafe which has been reconstructed in an old Nubian house for the tourist trade (Jennings, 2007).") ![A cafe which has been reconstructed in an old Nubian house for the tourist trade (Jennings, 2007).](../static/images/jennings/fig13.jpg "A cafe which has been reconstructed in an old Nubian house for the tourist trade (Jennings, 2007).")